after updating the kernel version to 4.12.0, it comes out the following error report when compiling the kernel modules:
[root@localhost BBU_coding]# make
#make -C /usr/src/kernels/4.12.9-200.fc25.x86_64/ M=/root/BBU_coding modules
make -C /usr/src/kernels/linux-4.12/ M=/root/BBU_coding modules
make[1]: Entering directory '/usr/src/kernels/linux-4.12'
make[2]: *** No rule to make target 'tools/objtool/objtool', needed by '/root/BBU_coding/hello.o'.? Stop.
Makefile:1512: recipe for target '_module_/root/BBU_coding' failed
make[1]: *** [_module_/root/BBU_coding] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/src/kernels/linux-4.12'
Makefile:4: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
[root@localhost BBU_coding]#
2. I need to install the following packages:
dnf install kernel-headers kernel-devel -y
3. revise the Makefile
make -C /usr/src/kernels/4.12.9-200.fc25.x86_64/ M=$(PWD) modules
4. then when "insmod hello.ko"
[root@localhost BBU_coding]# insmod hello.ko
insmod: ERROR: could not insert module hello.ko: Invalid module format
[root@localhost BBU_coding]# dmesg
[ 2502.478285] hello: version magic '4.12.9-200.fc25.x86_64 SMP mod_unload ' should be '4.12.0 SMP mod_unload '.
5. revise the "hello.c" file by adding one more line:
MODULE_INFO(vermagic, "4.12.0 SMP mod_unload ");
6. OK, now.
or
dnf upgrade -y
